The Kansas Senate is the upper house of the Kansas Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. State of Kansas. It is composed of 40 senators elected from single-member districts, each with a population of about 73,000 inhabitants. Members of the Senate are elected to a four-year term. There is no limit to the number of terms that a senator may serve. The Kansas Senate meets at the Kansas State Capitol in Topeka.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate is reserved with special functions such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions and boards.

History

The Kansas Senate was created by the Kansas Constitution when Kansas became the 34th state of United States on January 29, 1861. Six days after its admission into the Union, the Confederate States of America formed between seven Southern states that had seceded from the United States in the previous months, leading to the American Civil War.

War bonds became a central political issue in Kansas shortly when the Kansas Senate held impeachment trials in 1862, brought about in part by United States Republican Party infighting.[2] The Kansas Senate voted narrowly to convict Kansas Secretary of State J. W. Robinson, and State Auditor George S. Hillyer over what they believed to be the unlawful sale of state bonds.[2] With little evidence of a conspiracy and the smaller role of Governor Charles L. Robinson, his impeachment trial ended with only three state senators voting to convict him.[2]

The state legislature met in a building known as the Old Constitutional Hall until their offices were moved to the east wing of the Kansas State Capitol in 1869, which was still undergoing construction.[3] The Kansas Senate first met there in 1870, though the east wing was not completed until 1873.[3] Work would continue on the building until March 24, 1903.[3]

Prohibitionist, Progressive and Populist movements rose in Kansas in the late 19th century. On February 19, 1881, Kansas became the first state to amend its constitution to prohibit alcoholic beverages.[4] After 1890, prohibition was joined with progressivism to create a reform movement.[4] The Populist Party won the governor's office and control of the Kansas Senate in 1892.[5] Although they did not gain control of the Kansas House of Representatives, the Populists went ahead and claimed it, alleging election fraud.[5] This led to a legislative war between the two parties and eventually ended with a Kansas Supreme Court decision against the Populist faction of the Kansas House.[5]

The Kansas Senate chamber in 1905

The Kansas Senate helped enact a law in 1905 to restrict children under 14 from working in factories, meatpacking houses, or mines.[6]

With the help of progressive state senators, women gained the right to vote through a constitutional amendment approved by Kansans on November 5, 1912.

Democrats only gained control of the Kansas Senate briefly in the early 1900s and haven't held it since 1917.[7]

Since 1966, the Kansas Legislature holds annual general sessions. A constitutional amendment adopted at the 1974 general election extended the duration of the session held in the even-numbered years from 60 to 90 calendar days, subject to extension by a vote of two-thirds of the elected membership of each house.[8]

In the 2000s the Kansas Democratic Party was able to win statewide offices and make gains in the Kansas Senate by benefiting from tension in the Kansas Republican Party between its conservative and moderate wings.[9][10][11] These gains, however, were erased in the 2010 Kansas elections.

Legislative procedure

Terms begin and the legislature commences on the second Monday in January following the general election.[12][8] Senators introduce a proposed law in the Senate in the form of a bill, which must be approved by a standing committee, the Committee of the Whole and the entire membership of the chamber.[8] Bills are subject to amendment by other senators in committee or on the floor of the chamber.[8]

A bill must be approved by both houses of the Kansas Legislature in order to be submitted to the governor, who can sign it into law or veto the bill.[8] Legislators can override a veto with the support of two-thirds majority of both houses.[8]

Leadership

The President of the Senate presides over the body, is a member of the Organization, Calendar and Rules Committee that appoints members to the remaining Kansas Senate committees and joint committees and has the power to create other committees and subcommittees. Unlike many other states, the Lieutenant Governor of Kansas does not preside over the state senate. Since a 1972 amendment to the Kansas Constitution, the lieutenant governor's duties have been severed from the legislative branch, and is active in other areas of the Kansas state government such as commissions on military affairs and health insurance. In the senate president's absence, the senate vice-president presides. The President of the Kansas Senate assigns proposed bills to committees and the majority leader determines the calendar and order of bills to be debated on the floor of the Kansas Senate. The Organization, Rules and Calendar Committee is made up of the President, vice-president, Majority leader, Assistant Majority Leader, Minority Leader and four senators elected by the majority caucus.

The current President of the Senate is Republican Ty Masterson of District 16 (Wichita). The Senate Majority Leader is Larry Alley of District 32 (Winfield). The Senate Minority Leader is Democrat Dinah Sykes of District 21 (Lenexa).[13]

Party composition

Map of current (March 2021) partisan composition of legislative districts for state senate:
  Republican senator
  Democratic senator
  Seat vacant
AffiliationParty
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
Total
RepublicanIndDemocraticVacant
End 200830010400
Begin (January 2009)3109400
End 2012328
2013-20163208400
Begin (2017)3109400
April 25, 2017[14]30391
April 30, 2017[15]31400
March 7, 2018[16]301
September 25, 2018[17]29391
October 22, 2018[18]30400
November 30, 2018[19]29391
December 1, 2018[20]8382
December 12, 2018[21]289
December 14, 2018[22]29391
December 19, 2018[23]2810
January 2019[24]11400
July 29, 2019[25]290
Begin 2023[26]27111391
January 10, 2023[27]27110382
January 11, 2023[28]27111391
January 24, 2023[29]28111400
Latest voting share70%30%

Officers

PositionNameParty
President of the SenateTy MastersonRepublican
Vice President of the SenateRick WilbornRepublican
Majority LeaderLarry AlleyRepublican
Assistant Majority LeaderRenee EricksonRepublican
Minority LeaderDinah SykesDemocratic
Assistant Minority LeaderOletha Faust-GoudeauDemocratic
Minority WhipPat PetteyDemocratic
Agenda ChairMarci FranciscoDemocratic
Caucus ChairJeff PittmanDemocratic

List of current senators

DistrictSenatorPartySinceResidenceCounties represented
1Dennis PyleIndependent2005HiawathaAtchison, Brown, Doniphan, Jackson, Marshall, Nemaha, Pottawatomie
2Marci FranciscoDemocratic2005LawrenceDouglas, Jefferson
3Tom HollandDemocratic2009Baldwin CityDouglas, Leavenworth
4David HaleyDemocratic2001Kansas CityWyandotte
5Jeff PittmanDemocratic2021LeavenworthLeavenworth, Wyandotte
6Pat PetteyDemocratic2013Kansas CityJohnson, Wyandotte
7Ethan CorsonDemocratic2021FairwayJohnson
8Cindy HolscherDemocratic2021Overland ParkJohnson
9Beverly GossageRepublican2021EudoraJohnson
10Mike ThompsonRepublican2020ShawneeJohnson, Wyandotte
11Kellie WarrenRepublican2021LeawoodJohnson
12Caryn TysonRepublican2013ParkerAllen, Anderson, Bourbon, Franklin, Linn, Miami
13Tim ShallenburgerRepublican2023Baxter SpringsBourbon, Cherokee, Crawford, Labette
14Michael FaggRepublican2021El DoradoButler, Chautauqua, Coffey, Cowley, Elk, Greenwood, Montgomery, Wilson, Woodson
15Virgil Peck Jr.Republican2021HavanaLabette, Montgomery, Neosho
16Ty MastersonRepublican2009AndoverButler, Sedgwick
17Jeff LongbineRepublican2010EmporiaGeary, Lyon, Pottawatomie, Wabaunsee
18Kristen O'SheaRepublican2021TopekaPottawatomie, Shawnee, Wabaunsee
19Rick KloosRepublican2021BerrytonDouglas, Jefferson, Osage, Shawnee
20Brenda DietrichRepublican2021TopekaShawnee, Wabaunsee
21Dinah SykesDemocratic2017LenexaJohnson
22Usha ReddiDemocratic2023ManhattanClay, Geary, Riley
23Robert S. OlsonRepublican2011OlatheJohnson
24J. R. ClaeysRepublican2021SalinaDickinson, Saline
25Mary WareDemocratic2019WichitaSedgwick
26Dan KerschenRepublican2013Garden PlainSedgwick
27Chase BlasiRepublican2023WichitaSedgwick
28Mike PetersenRepublican2005WichitaSedgwick
29Oletha Faust-GoudeauDemocratic2009WichitaSedgwick
30Renee EricksonRepublican2021WichitaSedgwick
31Carolyn McGinnRepublican2005SedgwickHarvey, Sedgwick
32Larry AlleyRepublican2017WinfieldBarber, Comanche, Cowley, Harper, Kingman, Sedgwick, Sumner
33Alicia StraubRepublican2021EllinwoodBarton, Edwards, Hodgeman, Kiowa, Lane, Ness, Pawnee, Pratt, Rice, Rush, Scott, Stafford
34Mark SteffenRepublican2021HutchinsonKingman, Reno
35Rick WilbornRepublican2015McPhersonChase, Dickinson, Ellsworth, Marion, McPherson, Morris, Rice
36Elaine BowersRepublican2013ConcordiaCloud, Jewell, Lincoln, Marshall, Mitchell, Osborne, Ottawa, Phillips, Republic, Rooks, Russell, Smith, Washington
37Molly BaumgardnerRepublican2014LouisburgJohnson, Miami
38Ron Ryckman Sr.Republican2021MeadeClark, Ford, Gray, Hodgeman, Meade, Seward
39John DollRepublican2017Garden CityFinney, Grant, Greeley, Hamilton, Haskell, Kearny, Morton, Stanton, Stevens, Wichita
40Rick BillingerRepublican2017GoodlandCheyenne, Decatur, Ellis, Gove, Graham, Logan, Norton, Phillips, Rawlins, Sheridan, Sherman, Thomas, Trego, Wallace

Past composition of the Senate

Main article: Political party strength in Kansas

See also

References

  1. ^ Carpenter, Tim (June 7, 2022). "Sen. Dennis Pyle launching independent campaign for Kansas governor". Kansas Reflector. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c Ewing, Cortez A. M. "Early Kansas Impeachments," Kansas Historical Quarterly, August 1932 (Vol. 1, No. 4), p. 307-325, digitized with permission of the Kansas Historical Society. (accessed July 26, 2013)
  3. ^ a b c Kansas State Capitol, Kansapedia, Kansas Historical Society, December 2004. (accessed July 26, 2013)
  4. ^ a b Bader, Robert Smith. Prohibition in Kansas: A History (1986)
  5. ^ a b c Cool Things – Legislative War Artifacts, Kansapedia, Kansas Historical Society, November 1997. (accessed July 26, 2013)
  6. ^ Children in Kansas – 1890s–1920s, Kansapedia (accessed July 26, 2013)
  7. ^ Office of Secretary of State.[1] Archived December 25, 2011, at the Wayback Machine "Kansas History", August 1, 2011.
  8. ^ a b c d e f "Kansas Legislative Research Manual Kansas Legislative Procedures," Archived May 10, 2013, at the Wayback Machine March 12, 2009. (accessed July 26, 2013)
  9. ^ Slevin, Peter (October 19, 2006). ""Moderates in Kansas Decide They're Not in GOP Anymore," Washington Post". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
  10. ^ Wickham, DeWayne (June 5, 2006). ""Kansas Political Shifts Sign Of Things To Come?," USA Today". Retrieved March 10, 2007.
  11. ^ ""Kansas Republicans Evolve – Into Democrats," Salon". July 7, 2008. Retrieved July 26, 2013.
  12. ^ "Kansas Constitution" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2021.
  13. ^ "Leadership | Senate | Kansas State Legislature".
  14. ^ Republican Jacob LaTurner (District 13) resigned after being appointed Kansas State Treasurer. [2]
  15. ^ Republican Richard Hildebrand appointed to succeed LaTurner
  16. ^ Sen. John Doll (R) changed party affiliation to Independent
  17. ^ Republican Steve Fitzgerald (District 5) resigned. [3]
  18. ^ Republican Kevin Braun appointed to succeed Fitzgerald
  19. ^ Republican Vicki Schmidt (District 20) resigned after being elected Kansas Insurance Commissioner. [4]
  20. ^ Democrat Laura Kelly (District 18) resigned after being elected Governor.
  21. ^ Barbara Bollier (District 7) switched parties from Republican to Democratic. [5]
  22. ^ Eric Rucker is appointed to replace former Senator Vicki Schmidt.
  23. ^ Dinah Sykes (District 21) switched parties from Republican to Democratic. [6]
  24. ^ Vic Miller is appointed to replace former Senator Laura Kelly.
  25. ^ John Doll (District 39) rejoins the Republican party. [7]
  26. ^ Richard Hilderbrand (District 13) resigned on January 8, 2023. [8]
  27. ^ Tom Hawk (District 22) resigned. [9]
  28. ^ Appointee Usha Reddi is sworn in to replace former senator Tom Hawk.
  29. ^ Appointee Tim Shallenburger is sworn in to replace former senator Richard Hilderbrand.

External links

39°02′54″N 95°40′41″W / 39.04833°N 95.67806°W / 39.04833; -95.67806

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_Senate